Understanding strategic entrepreneurship: a “theoretical toolbox” approach

This manuscript provides a foundation for future research on strategic entrepreneurship (SE) through the application of nine prominent organizational theories. Specifically, we apply a “theoretical toolbox” approach to examine SE through the lens of general systems, institutional, organizational ecology, strategic choice, upper echelons, real options, agency, network, and social identity theories. We consider the implications for SE offered by these perspectives and, using insights from each organizational theory, reflect on the nature of the challenges faced by firms when attempting the simultaneous exploration and exploitation required by SE. More broadly, the application of diverse theoretical perspectives is encouraged individually and in combination within future SE research.