Dumbbell-Shaped Jugular Foramen Tumors Extending to the Neck: Surgical Considerations Based on Imaging Findings.

OBJECTIVE: Dumbbell-shaped jugular foramen tumors (DSJFTs) extending to the neck present diagnostic and management difficulties because of their rarity, various pathologies, and multidisciplinary involvement. Accurate imaging findings are of great importance for surgical planning and clinical outcomes. However, few articles have discussed this issue to date. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with DSJFTs extending to the neck were surgically treated in a single stage at our institute. Their clinical and radiologic features, operative procedures, and outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Preoperative correct diagnosis of DSJFTs extending to the neck was made in all cases of benign tumor and in only 3 cases of malignant tumors in this series. All tumors were removed via a craniocervical approach by a multidisciplinary skull base team because of both their intracranial and neck extensions. Total removal was achieved in 26 patients (83.9%). Preoperative symptoms were improved in 18 patients, whereas new or worsening lower cranial nerve deficits occurred in 4 patients postoperatively. Follow-up (1-132 months, mean 64.4 months) was available in 90.3% of the patients. No clinical or radiologic signs of tumor recurrence were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative radiologic evaluation of DSJFTs extending to the neck is essential for differential diagnosis, patient selection, and surgical planning. Favorable surgical outcomes can be achieved via a craniocervical approach, and some detailed imaging findings are helpful to increase the safety of tumor resection and reduce the morbidity of lower cranial nerve deficits and cerebrospinal fluid leakage.