Lymphocytic oesophagitis, eosinophilic oesophagitis and compound lymphocytic-eosinophilic oesophagitis I: histological and immunohistochemical findings.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY(2017)
摘要
Aims To report four histological-immunohistochemical oesophagitis phenotypes. Methods Oesophageal biopsies from 311 patients were stained with H&E and with CD3, a T cell marker. Additional immunohistochemical stains (n=413) were performed in 77 cases. Results Four histological-immunohistochemical oesophagitis phenotypes were recorded: lymphocytic oesophagitis (LyE, 40 CD3+ lymphocytes/HPF in CD3 immunostain), eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE, 15 eosinophils/HPF in H&E stain), lymphocytic infiltration (39 CD3+/HPF) and compound lymphocytic oesophagitis-eosinophilic oesophagitis (Co LyE-EoE). At index biopsy, 28.3% (n=88) had LyE, 21.2% (n=66) EoE, 10.6% (n=33) Co LyE-EoE and 39.9% (n=124) lymphocytic infiltration. A persistent oesophagitis phenotype was found in 42.5% (37/87) in the first follow-up biopsy, in 34.4% (21/61) in the second follow-up biopsy and in 48.1% (26/54) in the third follow-up biopsy. Using F1 immunostain, two different surface T cell receptors were detected in LyE and Co Lye-EoE: one having 40 F1+/HPF (F1+ high) and the other having <39 F1+/HPF (F1+ low). Conclusions Based on the literature regarding the significance of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in the initiation of EoE, we submit that the IEL phenotypes in LyE might differ from those found in EoE as they were unable to elicit the same eosinophilic response. Recent studies disclosed that group 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2s), enriched in EoE, remain undetected in CD3 immunostain as they lack surface markers for T, B, natural killer (NK) or NK T cells. If ILC2s also participate in the lymphocytic infiltration of EoE, then the frequency of cases with Co LyE-EoE here reported might have been much higher. The four oesophagitis phenotypes described are easy to recognise, provided that the dual staining procedure (H&E-CD3) is implemented.
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关键词
OESOPHAGUS,EOSINOPHILS,LYMPHOCYTE MARKERS,LYMPHOCYTES
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