Transplantation of neural stem cells in the mouse model of ischemic brain stroke and expression of genes involved in programmed cell death.

Aim To analyze how neural stem cells (NSC) transplantation in the stroke-affected mouse brain influences the expression of genes involved in apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)-mediated cell death - apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 1 (Aifm1), ring finger protein 146 (Rnf146, Iduna), and cyclophilin A (CypA); necroptosis -receptor interaction protein kinase 1 (Ripk1), Ripk3, and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (Mlkl); and apoptosis - Caspase 3 (Casp3) and Casp8. Methods Four groups of animals were used to obtain mRNA for quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis: healthy animals (n -3), animals with stroke (n =4), animals with stroke treated by stem cell transplantation (n = 7), and animals with stroke treated by proliferation-supporting medium (n = 5). lschemic brain injury was induced by transient left middle cerebral artery occlusion. Statistical analysis was performed using one way analysis of variance with post-hoc Tukey test. Results NSC transplantation in the stroke-affected mouse brain significantly increased the expression of lduna (P<0.05), a gene-encoding protein with well-known protective effects on hypoxic damage, and significantly down-regulated the expression of damage supportive genes, Casp3 (P < .01) and Aifm1 (P < 0.001).We were able to distinguish between the effect produced by stem cell transplantation (Iduna, Aifm1, Ripk3, Mlkl) and the effect produced by supporting the tissue with proliferation-supporting medium (Ripk1, Casp8). Conclusion Beside revealing some clearly positive effects of stem cells transplantation on the stroke-affected brain, our results suggest that the tissue response triggered by stem cells points toward the desired, regeneration-supporting levels of expression of a certain gene at a certain time point.