Early hydrocephalus in Listeria meningitis: Case report and review of the literature.

•Early hydrocephalus is common in L. monocytogenes meningitis.•Suspect hydrocephalus when neurological deterioration occurs few days after initial presentation, especially when treatment was not directed against L. monocytogenes.•Appropriate antimicrobial treatment and surgical ventriculostomy usually result in a favorable outcome.•Meningitis complicated by hydrocephalus should raise to possibility of L. monocytogenes.