Pretreatment quality of life as a predictor of survival for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with IMRT

Background To evaluate the prognostic significance of pretreatment quality of life for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Methods We performed a prospective, longitudinal study on 554 newly diagnosed patients with NPC from April 2011 to January 2015. A total of 501 consecutive NPC patients were included. Patients were asked to complete the EORTC QLQ-C30 (version 3.0) and QLQ-H&N35 questionnaires before treatment. Results Global health status among QLQ-C30 correlates with EBV DNA( P = 0.019). In addition, pretreatment appetite loss was significantly correlated with EBV DNA( P = 0.02). Pretreatment teeth, opening mouth, feeding tube was significantly correlated with EBV DNA, with P value of 0.003, < 0.0001, and 0.031, respectively. In multivariate analysis, pretreatment cognitive functioning of QLQ-C30 was significantly associated with LRFS, with HR of 0.971(95%CI 0.951–0.990), P = 0.004. Among scales of QLQ-H&N35 for multivariate analysis, pretreatment teeth ( P = 0.026) and felt ill ( P = 0.012) was significantly associated with PFS, with HR of 0.984 (95%CI 0.971–.998) and 1.004 (95%CI 1.001–1.007), respectively. Felt ill of QLQ-H&N35 was significantly associated with DMFS, with HR of 1.004(95%CI 1.000–1.007), P = 0.043. There is no QoL scale significantly associated with OS after multivariate analysis. Conclusions In conclusion, our analysis confirms that pretreatment teeth and felt ill was significantly associated with PFS in NPC patients treated with IMRT. In addition, the posttreatment EBV DNA was significantly associated with OS.