Postnatal experiences, knowledge and perceptions of women with gestational diabetes: Findings from online platforms

AimWomen with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of Type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to explore experiences, knowledge and perceptions of women with GDM to inform the design of interventions to prevent or delay Type 2 diabetes. MethodsSemi-structured interviews were carried out with 16 women with GDM who were recruited from a clinic in one Scottish health board. A framework approach was used to manage and analyse data according to themes informed by psychological theory (self-regulation model and theory of planned behaviour). ResultsGDM is not seen as an important, or even real diagnosis among some women, and this perception may result from the perceived minimal impact of GDM on their lives. Some women did experience a bigger emotional and practical impact. Knowledge and understanding of Type 2 diabetes was poor in general and many women were unconcerned about their future risk. Lower concern appeared to be linked to a lower perceived impact of GDM. Lifestyle changes discussed by women mostly related to diet and were motivated primarily by concern for their baby's health. Many women did not maintain these changes postnatally, reporting significant barriers. ConclusionsThis study has suggested potential avenues to be explored in terms of content, timing and potential recipients of interventions. Educational interventions postnatally could address illness perceptions in women with GDM and redress the situation where lack of aftercare downplays its seriousness. For lifestyle interventions, the child's health could be used as a motivator within the context of later joint or family interventions. What's new? This qualitative study exploring the experiences of 16 women with gestational diabetes established that gestational diabetes (GDM) is not seen as an important, or even real, diagnosis among some women. This perception may come about because of the perceived minimal impact of GDM on women's lives. This perception may be reinforced by a lack of aftercare once GDM resolves post pregnancy. Educational interventions are needed to address illness perceptions surrounding GDM, while lifestyle interventions could use the child's health as a motivator for joint or family interventions.