A novel ensemble method for credit scoring: Adaption of different imbalance ratios.

•A novel ensemble model adapting to different imbalance ratios is proposed.•The BalanceCascade approach is extended to generate adjustable balanced sets.•Random forest and extreme gradient boosting are used as base classifiers.•Parameters of base classifiers are optimized with particle swarm optimization.•The performance of the proposed model is superior to other comparative models.