Molecular mechanism of LPS-induced TNF-α biosynthesis in polarized human macrophages.

•M-MΦ are hallmarked by high TLR4 and CD14 expression and low TNF-α production.•LPS induced activation of signalling pathways differ slightly between GM-MΦ and M-MΦ.•M-MΦ favor the MyD88-dependent non-canonical pathway.•IL-10 but not IFN-β interferes with TNF-α production in M-MΦ.•TNF-α mRNA is markedly destabilized in M-MΦ.