Livestock ownership and microbial contamination of drinking-water: Evidence from nationally representative household surveys in Ghana, Nepal and Bangladesh.

•Owning livestock can increase the risk of drinking-water contamination.•Large livestock were associated with water contamination in Ghana and Bangladesh.•Poultry were associated with drinking-water contamination in Bangladesh.•Livestock were not significantly correlated with water contamination in Nepal.•Livestock excreta should be considered for the prevention of water contamination.