Pose-based composition improvement for portrait photographs.

This paper studies the composition in portrait paintings and develops an algorithm to improve the composition of portrait photographs based on example portrait paintings. A study of portrait paintings shows that the placement of the face and the figure is pose-related. Based on this observation, this paper develops an algorithm to improve the composition of a portrait photograph by learning the placement of the face and the figure from an example portrait painting. This example portrait painting is selected based on the similarity of its figure pose to that of the input photograph. This similarity measure is modeled as a graph matching problem. Finally, space cropping is performed using an optimization function to assign a similar location for each body part of the figure in the photograph with that of the figure in the example portrait painting. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. A user study shows that the proposed pose-based composition improvement is preferred more than rule-based methods and learning-based methods.