Apoe Epsilon 4-Tomm40'523 Haplotypes And The Risk Of Alzheimer'S Disease In Older Caucasian And African Americans
PLOS ONE(2017)
摘要
Patterns of linkage between the epsilon 4 allele of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) and '523 poly-T alleles in the adjacent gene, TOMM40, differ between Caucasian and African Americans. The extent to which this difference affects the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is unclear. We compared the APOE epsilon 4-TOMM40 '523 haplotypes between older Caucasian and African Americans, and examined their relationship with AD dementia. Data came from three community based cohort studies of diverse participants. APOE genotypes were determined by polymorphisms of rs429358 and rs7412. TOMM40 '523 genotypes were defined by the poly-T repeat length of rs10524523 (short ['523-S]: poly-T <= 19, long ['523-L]: 20 <= poly-T <= 29, and very long ['523-VL]: poly-T >= 30). Cox proportional hazards models examined the effect of haplotype variation on the risk of incident AD dementia. A total of 1,848 Caucasian and 540 African American individuals were included in the study. In Caucasians, nearly none (0.8%) of the non-epsilon 4 carriers and almost all (94.2%) of the epsilon 4 carriers had '523-L. The classification was highly concordant. Each epsilon 4 allele doubled the risk for AD dementia and the dose effect was evident. Almost identical effect size and effect pattern were observed for TOMM40 '523-L. In African Americans, nearly none (1.1%) of the non-epsilon 4 carriers had '523-L, but only 47.8% of the epsilon 4 carriers had '523-L. The concordance was weaker compared with Caucasians. The effect patterns on incident AD dementia differed distinctively between epsilon 4 and '523-L carriers. Further, both genotypic and allelic data support that among African Americans the epsilon 4-'523-L haplotype had stronger effect on risk of AD dementia than other epsilon 4-'523 haplotypes.
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