The Bioeconomy in Poland within the Context of the European Union.

•In Poland, there is no single, complex and strategic document dedicated to bioeconomy.•Many European Union countries including Poland declared themselves as being “GMO-free countries”.•In R&D sector there is a distance between Poland and several EU’s countries in many aspects, such as the value of expenditures on R&D and employment.•The structure of bioeconomy in Poland is dominated by traditional sectors, such as agriculture and agro-food industries.