High-Throughput and Energy-Efficient Graph Processing on FPGA

In this paper, we propose a novel design for large-scale graph processing on FPGA. Our design uses large external memory for storing massive graph data and FPGA for acceleration, and leverages edge-centric computing principles. We propose a data layout which optimizes the external memory performance and leads to an efficient memory activation schedule to reduce on-chip memory power consumption. Further, we develop a parallel architecture on FPGA which can saturate the external memory bandwidth and concurrently process multiple input data to increase throughput. We use our design to accelerate several classic graph algorithms, including single-source shortest path, weakly connected component, and minimum spanning tree. Experimental results show that for all the considered graph algorithms, our design achieves high throughput of over 600 million traversed edges per second (MTEPS) and high energy-efficiency of over 30 MTEPS/W. Compared with a baseline design, our optimizations result in over 3.6× throughput and 5.8× energy-efficiency improvements, respectively. Our design achieves 32% throughput improvement when compared with state-of-the-art FPGA designs, and up to 7.8× speedup when compared with state-of-the-art multi-core implementation.