Video-assisted thoracoscopic bronchoplasty/pulmonary arterial angioplasty.

Thoracoscopic bronchoplasty combined with pulmonary arterial angioplasty can be particularly challenging. In the past, it was often done by using a conventional incision or hybrid video-assisted small incision. In recent years, anecdotal articles have described the application of thoracoscopic bronchoplasty/pulmonary arterial angioplasty. This chapter will describe the details associated with thoracoscopic bronchoplasty/pulmonary arterial angioplasty.