An Optical Imaging Method for High-Accuracy Solar Cell Area Measurement

Area measurement often represents a significant source of uncertainty in the efficiency of research-scale photovoltaic devices. This is particularly the case when devices are very small, as typically occurs with organic and other next-generation thin-film technologies. We describe an optical method for high-accuracy area measurement of solar cells with dimensions down to 1 mm × 1 mm and up to 160 ...