Abstract 12697: Omega-3 Fatty Acids Effects on Carotid IMT in Metabolic Syndrome

Background: 37% of Americans are affected by metabolic syndrome (MS), but the effect of Omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA) in MS is largely unexplored. By new guidelines, those with MS may not meet criteria for statin treatment but are still at increased risk of CVD. O3FA supplementation reduced CV events in 2 large trials (Gissi-Prevenzione and JELIS). In a prior abstract we reported the impact of O3FA on lipid levels and inflammatory markers in 101 subjects with MS. Apo B, Apo A1, and triglycerides were significantly reduced, but there was no change in CRP or serum amyloid A. Here we report results on CIMT. Methods: 101 subjects with MS, mean age 55.1 years, 53% women, were randomized to placebo or O3FA (1.8 grams of EPA +DHA) daily vs. matching placebo for 2 years. Common carotid (CCIMT) and internal carotid IMT (ICIMT) were measured at baseline and at 2 years. Results: 80 subjects completed the CIMT protocol. There were no significant differences in any baseline clinical characteristics between groups (supplement (S) vs. placebo (P)), or between baseline mean CCIMT or ICIMT. After two years, there were non-significant increases in the IMT in both S and P but no between group differences (see table and figure). The results were similar whether comparing the average of the maximum of both sides or comparing the sides with the greatest IMT at baseline. Removing the significant outlier in the S group, did not change the results (see figure). Conclusion: In this modest sized sample group, despite favorable effects on lipid levels, treatment with O3FA did not stop progression of carotid IMT although the increase in CIMT in both groups was small and insignificant.