Comparative study on the bioavailability of chelated or inorganic zinc in diets containing tricalcium phosphate and phytate to turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus )

A 2×6 factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of chelated (Mintrex™ Zn, Zn–M) or inorganic (ZnSO4·7H2O, Zn–S) zinc as dietary zinc sources on growth, feed utilization, tissue zinc deposition and anti-oxidative responses of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Semi-purified diets were made to contain tricalcium phosphate and sodium phytate at levels of 2% and 0.5%, respectively, to resemble levels in practical diets. Ten experimental diets were made by adding either Zn–S or Zn–M to the basal diet to achieve five levels of dietary zinc (15, 45, 75, 105 and 135mg/kg diet) for each zinc source, respectively. The basal control diet and ten experimental diets were fed to groups (n=5) of juvenile turbot (initial mean weight: 4.78g) for 8weeks. Results showed that the specific growth rate (SGR), feed intake (FI), feed efficiency (FE), whole body and bone zinc concentration, whole body crude lipid content, serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity in serum or liver of turbot were significantly improved by zinc supplementation (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the growth of turbot between the two zinc sources (P>0.05). On the basis of SGR, the dietary zinc requirement of juvenile turbot was estimated to be 60.2mg/kg, using broken-line regression analysis.