Serum perfluorinated chemicals, glucose homeostasis and the risk of diabetes in working-aged Taiwanese adults.

•Chronic PFOS exposure may associate with impaired glucose homeostasis and the increased prevalence of diabetes.•PFOA, PFNA, and PFUA may have a potential protective effect against glucose intolerance and the risk of diabetes.•The underlying mechanisms responsible for the differential diabetogenic effects of different PFASs require further research.•Well-designed prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings and to inform prevention and policy strategies.