An in-line photonic crystal fibre-based Mach–Zehnder interferometer with temperature compensation

An in-line photonic crystal fibre-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer (PCF-MZI) with temperature compensation has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The in-line PCF-MZI is fabricated by splicing a section of photonic crystal fibre between two single mode fibers. The temperature compensation of the in-line PCF-MZI is realized by using materials with proper thermal expansion coefficients. The device possesses the temperature insensitive feature, and a temperature stability of 1.0 pm degrees C-1 has been experimentally demonstrated with the packaging material of ceramic.