Sustainability in supply chain with focus on efficiency, safety, and industrial emission factors

In this article, efficiency, safety, and industrial emission factors are incorporated into a sustainable supply chain by constructing a multi-objective programming model that jointly minimizes costs, emissions, and employee injuries. The purpose is to give supply chain managers a tool for decision making that is not only based on reducing costs (maximizing profit) but also focuses on environmental protection and social responsibility. Using the weighted-sum approach with weights setting by the analytic hierarchy process, the model is solved by normalization of the minima of the three objectives. A numerical example is presented to test the model. This article has developed a multi-objective model for multi-modes of production facilities. The results show that the developed model for optimizing supply chain improved supply chain sustainability. A new multi-dimension perspective for optimizing supply chain will help experts improve their insights, ideas to have a sustainable supply chain.