Cold Pad Batch Dyeing: Eco-friendly Dye Application on Cotton

Over the last few decades, the environmental impact of dyes and processes has become an increasingly large part of the dyer's task. In recent years, the "default" choice is reactive dyes because of their generally good fastness to wet treatments and good range/brightness of shades. In seeking to achieve eco-friendly responsibility in dye application, there is no single solution since there is no single definition of what is green or environmentally responsible. Environmental responsibility is best achieved in cold pad batch application since little or no electrolyte is required, dye fixation is at ambient temperature, and fixation is high. This chapter represents general methodology of cold pad batch dyeing (CPB) of cotton fabric with reactive dyes and gives approach to eco-friendliness of this process.