Eco- and Cost-Efficient Personal E-mobility in Europe - An Innovative Concept for the Informational Synchronization Between E-vehicle users and the Smart Grid of the Future Using NFC Technology.

Due to the European-wide target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector, electric mobility (EM) is considered by many countries to have a high potential to contribute to this reduction. The challenges connected to the extensive introduction of EM are the battery capacity of the vehicles, high procurements costs, and the access to charging infrastructure. Innovative user services associated with EM can contribute to establish this new technology. Therefore, this paper provides a scientific approach to use mobile devices, like e.g., smart phones or tablets, of electric vehicle users as personal energy assistants (PEAs). This PEA supports the charging process for electric vehicles (EV) associated with a specific user. The service contains user-generated loading profiles, the definition of thresholds for electricity rates by the user, battery-protecting charging management, energy-efficient navigation as well as routing assistance to specific charging stations. The communication between mobile device of the vehicle user, electric vehicle, and smart charging infrastructure is enabled by near field communication (NFC). This communication standard ensures an immediate and safe communication that enables services such as mobile payment and a user-specific configuration of the charging infrastructure by a simple gesture. In conclusion and outlook, additional future services will be described that refer, e.g., to a battery health monitoring, a drive style monitoring, and driving style-related rental rates for EV.