Lake and Pond Ecosystems

Pond and lake ecosystems possess unique geophysical attributes that support diverse assemblages. Freshwater biota are among the most diverse, but also most threatened, taxa on the planet. Geological origins of waterbodies can play significant roles in structuring biodiversity, as can latitude, size (surface area, depth), shape, connectivity, and environmental conditions. Major threats to the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems include habitat alteration, harvest, pollution, and the introduction of invasive species.