Constraints on the Origin of Cosmic Rays above 1018?eV from Large-scale Anisotropy Searches in Data of the Pierre Auger Observatory

P Abreu,M Aglietta,M Ahlers,E J Ahn,Ivone F M Albuquerque,D Allard,I Allekotte,J Allen,P G Allison,A Almela,J Alvarez Castillo,R Alves Batista,M Ambrosio,A Aminaei,L Anchordoqui,S Andringa,C Aramo,E Arganda,F Arqueros,H Asorey,P Assis,J Aublin,M Ave,M Avenier,Gualberto Avila,A M Badescu, M Balzer,K B Barber,A F Barbosa,R Bardenet,S L C Barroso,B M Baughman,Colin Baus,J J Beatty,K H Becker,J A Bellido,S Benzvi,C Berat,X Bertou,Peter L Biermann,P Billoir,F Blanco,M Blanco,C Bleve,D Boncioli,C Bonifazi,R Bonino,N Borodai,J Brack,I M Brancus,P Brogueira,W C Brown,R Bruijn, P Buchholz,Antonio De Pro Bueno, Larry Buroker,R E Burton,K S Caballeromora, B Caccianiga,L Caramete,R Caruso,A Castellina,O Catalano,G Cataldi,L Cazon,R Cester,J Chauvin,Seng H Cheng, A Chiavassa,Jose Chinellato,J Chirinos Diaz,J Chudoba,M Cilmo,R W Clay,G Cocciolo,Laura Collica,M R Coluccia,F Contreras, Holly Cook,M J Cooper,J Coppens,A Cordier,S Coutu,C E Covault,A Creusot,A Criss, John Cronin,A Curutiu,S Dagoretcampagne,R Dallier,Bruno Daniel,S Dasso,K Daumiller,Bruce R Dawson,R M De Almeida,M De Domenico,C De Donato,S J De Jong,G De La Vega,W J M De Mello Junior,J R T De Mello Neto,I De Mitri,V De Souza,K D De Vries,L Del Peral,O Deligny,H Dembinski,N Dhital,C Di Giulio,P N Diep, F Diogo,C Dobrigkeit, W Docters,J C Dolivo,P N Dong,A Dorofeev,J C Dos Anjos,M T Dova,D Durso,I Dutan,J Ebr,R Engel,M Erdmann,C Escobar,J Espadanal,A Etchegoyen,P Facal San Luis,H Falcke,Ke Fang,Glennys R S Farrar,A C Fauth,N Fazzini,A P Ferguson,B E Fick,J M Figueira,A Filevich,S Fliescher,C E Fracchiolla,E D Fraenkel,Octavian Fratu,B Fuchs,R Gaior,R F Gamarra,S Gambetta,S T Garcia Roca,D Garciagamez,D Garciapinto, G Garilli,A Gascon Bravo,H Gemmeke,P L Ghia,M Giller,J Gitto,H Glass,M Gold,G Golup,F Gomez Albarracin,J G Gonzalez,B Gookin,A Gorgi,P Gouffon,E Grashorn,S Grebe,N Griffith,A F Grillo,Y Guardincerri,F Guarino,G P Guedes,P H Hansen,D Harari,T A Harrison,J L Harton, A Haungs, T Hebbeker,D Heck,A Herve,G Hill,C Hojvat,N Hollon,V C Holmes,P Homola,Pavel Horvath, Dale L Huber,T Huege,A Insolia,F Ionita,A Italiano,S Jansen,C Jarne,S Jiraskova,M Josebachuili, K Kadija,K H Kampert,P Karhan, P A Kasper,I Katkov,B Keilhauer,A Keivani,Joanna L Kelley,E Kemp,R M Kieckhafer,H O Klages,M Kleifges,J Kleinfeller,J S Knapp,D H Koang,Kumiko Kotera,N Krohm,D Kruppkehansen,D Kuempel, J K Kulbartz,N Kunka,G La Rosa,C Lachaud,Danielle Lahurd,L Latronico,R Lauer,P Lautridou,S Le Coz,D Lebrun, P Lebrun,M A Leigui De Oliveira,A Letessierselvon,I Lhenryyvon,K Link,K Louedec,J Lozano Bahilo,Lie Lu,A Lucero,Michael Ludwig,H Lyberis,M C Maccarone,C Macolino,S Maldera,James L Maller,D Mandat,P M Mantsch,A G Mariazzi, Jose Prenda Marin,Vincent Marin,I C Maris,H R Marquez Falcon,G Marsella,D Martello,Luiz A B San Martin,H Martinez,Diane Martraire,H J Mathes,J A J Matthews,G Matthiae, D Maurel,D Maurizio,P O Mazur,G Medinatanco,M Melissas,D Melo,E Menichetti,A Menshikov,Philipp Mertsch,S Messina,C Meurer,R Meyhandan,S Micanovic,M I Micheletti,I A Minaya,L Miramonti,L Molinabueno,Silvia Mollerach,M Monasor,D Monnier Ragaigne,F Montanet,B Morales,C Morello,E Moreno,J C Moreno,C A Moura,M Muller,R Mussa,G Navarra,J L Navarro,S Navas,P Necesal,L Nellen,A Nelles, J Neuser,P T Nhung,M Niechciol, L Niemietz,N Nierstenhoefer,D Nitz,D Nosek,Angela V Olinto,M E Ortiz,N Pacheco,D Pakk Selmidei,M Palatka,J Pallotta,N Palmieri,G Parente,E Parizot,A Parra,S Pastor,T Paul,M Pech,R Pelayo,I M Pepe,L Perrone,R Pesce,E Petermann,S Petrera,A Petrolini,Y Petrov,C Pfendner, R Piegaia,T Pierog,P Pieroni,M Pimenta,V Pirronello,M Platino, M Plum,V H Ponce,M Pontz, A Porcelli,P Privitera,M Prouza,E J Quel,S Querchfeld,J Rautenberg,O Ravel,D Ravignani,B Revenu,J Ridky,S Riggi,M Risse,P Ristori,H Rivera,V Rizi,J B Roberts,W Rodrigues De Carvalho,G Rodriguez,I Rodriguez Cabo,J Rodriguez Martino,J Rodriguez Rojo,G Ros,Jorge L Rosado,T Rossler, M Roth,Esteban Roulet,A C Rovero,A Saftoiu,F Salamida, H Salazar,F Salesa Greus,G Salina,C E Santo,E M Santos,F Sarazin, Biswarup Sarkar,S Sarkar,R Sato,N Scharf,V Scherini,H Schieler,P Schiffer,A Schmidt,O Scholten,H Schoorlemmer, J Schovancova,D Schuster,S J Sciutto,M Scuderi,A Segreto,M Settimo,A Shadkam,R C Shellard,I Sidelnik,Gunter Sigl,H H Silva Lopez,O Sima, G R Snow,Paul Sommers,J Sorokin,H M Spinka,R Squartini, Y N Srivastava,S Stanic,Jack T Stapleton,J Stasielak,M Stephan,A Stutz,F Suarez,A D Supanitsky,M S Sutherland,J E Swain,Z Szadkowski,M Szuba,A Tapia, M Tartare,R Tcaciuc,N T Thao,D Thomas,J Tiffenberg,C Timmermans,W Tkaczyk,C J Todero Peixoto,G Toma, Lenka Tomankova,A Tonachini,G Torralba Elipe,P Travnicek,D B Tridapalli,G Tristram,E Trovato,M Tueros,R Ulrich,Michael Unger,M Urban,L Valore,G Van Aar,A M Van Den Berg,S Van Velzen,A Van Vliet,E Varela,V Verzi,J Vicha,M Videla,Hernan Wahlberg,P Wahrlich,O Wainberg,D Walz,Alan Watson, M Weber,Klaus Weidenhaupt,A Weindl,Frederick W Werner,S Westerhoff,B J Whelan,A Widom,G Wieczorek,L Wiencke,M Will,C Williams,T Winchen,M Wommer,B Wundheiler, Ted Yamamoto,T Yapici,P Younk,G Yuan,A N Yushkov,B Zamorano Garcia,E Zas,D Zavrtanik,M Zavrtanik,I Zaw,A Zepeda,Jing Zhou, Y Zhu,M Zimbres Silva,M Ziolkowski

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS（2013）

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摘要

A thorough search for large-scale anisotropies in the distribution of arrival directions of cosmic rays detected above 10(18) eV at the Pierre Auger Observatory is reported. For the first time, these large-scale anisotropy searches are performed as a function of both the right ascension and the declination and expressed in terms of dipole and quadrupole moments. Within the systematic uncertainties, no significant deviation from isotropy is revealed. Upper limits on dipole and quadrupole amplitudes are derived under the hypothesis that any cosmic ray anisotropy is dominated by such moments in this energy range. These upper limits provide constraints on the production of cosmic rays above 10(18) eV, since they allow us to challenge an origin from stationary galactic sources densely distributed in the galactic disk and emitting predominantly light particles in all directions.

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astroparticle physics,cosmic rays

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