An apparatus for confined triaxial testing of single particles

A novel triaxial apparatus employing overlapping rigid boundaries has been designed and constructed for experimental measurement of contact forces under confined compression of single granules in the mm-scale. The performance of the apparatus was evaluated by performing uniaxial and triaxial compression experiments on ideal elastic–plastic materials. Compression curves were compared with the fully plastic Abbott–Firestone contact model and with results from FEM simulations. The increase in contact force associated with confined conditions was observed in the compression curves from triaxial compression experiments, as supported by predictions from simulations using single particle contact models. Hence, a new method for the assessment of mechanical behaviour of single particles under confined compression can be considered as established.