Directed and elliptic flow of charged particles in Cu+Cu collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 22.4 GeV

G Agakishiev,X Zhu,H M Spinka,M J Levine,M J Skoby,J M Landgraf,Wei Xu,S Heppelmann,J Seger,G Van Nieuwenhuizen,P Chung, W Zhan,Jianghong Zhao,Z P Zhang, T P Burton,Jung Hoon Lee,B A Trzeciak,H Masui,L C De Silva,R Lednicky,K Kang,P Kravtsov,A Sarkar,V Kizka, S Mioduszewski,P Chaloupka,Daniel J Mcdonald,Nirbhay Kumar Behera,Z M Li,S A Voloshin,R N Singaraju, A K Bhati, Z Ahammed,W Korsch,M Pachr,T Pawlak, J Y Chen,N Xu,C B Powell,A Kechechyan, J B Zhang, O G Grebenyuk,M G Munhoz,R Milner,I G Bordyuzhin,D R Gangadharan, D Olson,J Kiryluk, R E Tribble, J L Romero,N R Sahoo,N Poljak, D Cebra,Y Pandit,W Borowski,M Elnimr, M A Lisa,Wensheng Li,J Bouchet,Kyungsoo Oh,S Vokal,Robert P Redwine,A Bhasin,A V Brandin,J Schaub,Y F Wu,J Seele,Xinpeng Li,F Simon,A H Tang,J Alford,T Kollegger,C Anson,R Debbe,Ning Li,H F Chen,G W Hoffmann,Peter Filip,R Corliss,D P Kikola,X Z Cai,Mark F Walker,M Ploskon,F J M Geurts,Sha Zhang,Sunil Dogra,C Whitten,A Bridgeman,D Tlusty,E P Sichtermann,J Schambach,Qun Wang, Denis Thompson Keane, S Margetis,S G Brovko,R Derradi De Souza,I K Yoo, M C Cervantes, Feng Liu,Y N Gorbunov,Jing Tian,M Strikhanov,Q H Xu,Lalit Kumar,Guilin Wang, S R Klein, Jamie R Stevens,J B Roberts, J P Hayswehle,A Szanto De Toledo, A W Gordon,B Haag,D Thein, Nicolay N Smirnov,Olga Evdokimov,L C Bland,K E Choi, M Cherney,M Planinic, C Markert,M K Mustafa, M Shao,T Schuster,D D Koetke,I Koralt,E V Lukashov, Hongjuan Pei,T D S Stanislaus, D G Underwood,J Takahashi,W W Jacobs,L G Efimov,J Kapitan, L M Lima,D N Svirida,P Tribedy, J Lauret,J C Dunlop, J Bielcik, Yichih Sun,T G Dedovich, M C Suarez, M Estienne,A N Vasiliev, X L Wang,D A Morozov,X M Sun,A V Alakhverdyants,O Hajkova,J Konzer, A Hirsch,S Kabana,C Jena,M J Betancourt, M Sharma,Subhasis Chattopadhyay,Y Mohammed,L Kotchenda,Zhiwei Xu,A G Knospe,S W Wissink,T S Mcshane,A A Derevschikov,P R Pujahari,A Schmah,B Stringfellow,Bedangadas Mohanty,J Joseph,D Prindle, W R Witzke,Hongzhi Liu, H Bichsel,I Sakrejda,B Surrow,A Kisiel,L Didenko,H S Matis,D J Hofman,M Calderon De La Barca Sanchez,Dhrub Solanki, R A Stock,P Yepes,J Porter,P Djawotho,Zhongzhe Xiao,J Engelage, B Srivastava,Y Fisyak,H Wieman,Ye Zhang, W Peryt,R Manweiler,Chunwen Li,P Ghosh, J W Harris,K Kauder,Hongbing Xu,Zhaojun Sun,J Fedorisin,V Okorokov,W Guryn,L I Koroleva,F Videbaek,O Mall,H Zbroszczyk,A Ohlson,I Alekseev,Hong Wang, M M Aggarwal,E Bruna,L H Tarini,Q Y Shou,Li Xue, T J Humanic, S Salur, Fangting Wang, J G Cramer,D Kettler,L X Han,J H Thomas,C M Du, T K Nayak,C Perkins,Wei Xie, Zhiyong Tang,M Krus,J Rusnak,Y Zoulkarneeva,B D Anderson,R S Longacre,M Sumbera,V Kouchpil,D Grosnick, Fujiang Jin,J S Wang,Jiarong Cheng,Li Ruan,X Luo,B V K S Potukuchi,D Arkhipkin,G Van Buren,T Ullrich,A Davila Leyva,Xin Dong,A R Timmins, S B Nurushev,K Yip, H Caines,Nihar M Shah, S Raniwala, A Chikanian, J Putschke,S Bueltmann, R H Reed,P Sorensen,O V Rogachevskiy,M Heinz,N K Pruthi, Junjun Deng, Y Xu, S Gupta,Abha R Gupta,Li Li,L Eun,E Finch,G S Averichev,I Selyuzhenkov,Y Panebratsev,D Plyku,S Trentalange,H J Crawford,M M Mondal,O D Tsai,E G Judd,J C Webb, A Lebedev,M J M Codrington,K Krueger,E Hjort, P Jacobs,E Braidot,R Fatemi,N Schmitz, Youliang Wang,D P Mahapatra,D R Beavis,T Peitzmann,B S Page,R R Betts,E Sangaline,J E Draper,E W Oldag,E Shahaliev,S Lapointe, Lixue Chen,T J M Symons,Yi Yang,L V Nogach, Akimi Ogawa,R A N Oliveira, Fei Zhao,B Huang,S S Shi,M Tokarev,G D Westfall,V Fine, Yiran Lu,Y H Zhu,M Mitrovski,Raghava Varma,Y G Ma,A Hamed,H W Ke, B K Nandi, J Bielcikova,Geoffrey I Webb,J Pluta,T Ljubicic, R Bellwied, M A C Lamont, C A Gagliardi, Cui,I Bunzarov,Y P Viyogi,N G Minaev,R G Fersch,G Odyniec, Youyi Li,J A Vanfossen,J Balewski,N L Subba,P Pile,R Cendejas,W J Llope, R P Scharenberg,G Eppley,Chuanjian Zhong, Jinghua Liu,G Igo,R Majka,Sumanta K Pal,G L Ma,X P Zhang,H Z Huang, J L Drachenberg, A M Poskanzer, A Meschanin,S G Steadman,Haifeng Qiu, R L Ray, R Raniwala,W M Zhang,William Axel Leight,L Huo,M Naglis,T Tarnowsky,G M S Vasconcelos,J Sandweiss,William W Christie,U G Desouza,M Wada, C Pruneau,M Zawisza,A A P Suaide,B V Morozov,P Seyboth,H G Ritter,R Witt

PHYSICAL REVIEW C（2012）

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摘要

This paper reports results for directed flow v(1) and elliptic flow v(2) of charged particles in Cu + Cu collisions at root s(NN) = 22.4 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The measurements are for the 0-60% most central collisions, using charged particles observed in the STAR detector. Our measurements extend to 22.4-GeV Cu + Cu collisions the prior observation that v1 is independent of the system size at 62.4 and 200 GeV and also extend the scaling of v(1) with eta/y(beam) to this system. The measured v(2)(p(T)) in Cu + Cu collisions is similar for root s(NN) throughout the range 22.4 to 200 GeV. We also report a comparison with results from transport model (ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics and multiphase transport model) calculations. The model results do not agree quantitatively with the measured v(1)(eta), v(2)(p(T)), and v(2)(eta).

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关键词

copper,star,scaling

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