Fertility in young patients following treatment for Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a single center survey

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the fertility rates following treatment by means of the BEACOPP regimen (regular and escalated) (bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone) as compared to the ABVD regimen (doxorubicin, vinblastine, dacarbazine, bleomycin) in Hodgkin lymphoma patients under the age of 40 at the time of treatment. Methods A questionnaire was sent to 180 Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients. The questionnaire was composed of questions concerning reproduction and also menopausal and aging symptoms in females and males. The analyses were made using data collected from 123 patients (76 females and 47 males) who returned the questionnaire. All of the patients were treated between 1999 and 2012. Results In comparing the ABVD and BEACOPP groups of female patients, the frequency of the therapy-induced amenorrhea and the restored menses following treatment were found to be significantly different statistically ( p = 0.002 and p = 0.012, respectively). The secondary amenorrhea statistically appeared more often in the BEACOPP group ( p = 0.003) while the cases of achieving pregnancy and having children after chemotherapy were not significantly different ( p = 0.630, p = 0.070, respectively). In comparing the ABVD and BEACOPP treatments in male patients, the only significant difference was in the number of artificially inseminated or in vitro pregnancies achieved in the BEACOPP and escalated BEACOPP group, p = 0.008 and p = 0.002, respectively. In total, 45.2 % of patients in the ABVD female group, 34.6 % in the BEACOPP female group, 52.6 % in the ABVD male group, and 33.3 % in the male BEACOPP group, respectively, of patients attempting conception post-therapy, had children after chemotherapy. Conclusions Based on these high rates of childbirth following BEACOPP chemotherapy, we have concluded that intensified chemotherapy is not a definite predictor of reduced fertility in young HL patients.