Polyaniline- and poly(ethylenedioxythiophene)-cellulose nanocomposite electrodes for supercapacitors
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry(2014)
摘要
The formation and characterisation of films of polyaniline (PANI) and poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) containing cellulose nanocrystals (CNXLs) from cotton are described. PANI/CNXL films were electrodeposited from a solution containing CNXLs, HCl and aniline, while PEDOT/CNXL films were electrodeposited from a solution containing CNXLs, LiClO 4 and ethylenedioxythiophene. In each case, incorporation of CNXLs into the electrodepositing polymer film led to the formation of a porous polymer/CNXL nanocomposite structure. The films were characterised using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic charge-discharge analysis. The specific capacitances of the nanocomposite materials were higher than those of the CNXL-free counterparts (488 F g −1 for PANI/CNXL; 358 F g −1 for PANI; 69 F g −1 for PEDOT/CNXL; 58 F g −1 for PEDOT). The durability of the PANI/CNXL film under potential cycling was slightly better than that of the CNXL-free PANI, while the PEDOT film was slightly more durable than the PEDOT/CNXL film. Using electrodeposition, it was possible to form thick PANI/CNXL films, with total electrode capacitances of 2.07 F cm −2 and corresponding specific capacitances of 440 F g −1 , demonstrating that this particular nanocomposite may be promising for the construction of high-performance supercapacitors.
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关键词
Supercapacitor,Conducting polymer,Capacitance,Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,Cyclic voltammetry,Porous materials
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