Inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) regulate intestinal immunity and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) inflammation.

•Several inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) mediate immune signaling through their ubiquitin ligase function.•Additional IAPs control immunity through the regulation of the inflammasome.•The IAPs contribute to immunity and immune disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).•X-chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) deficiency is now recognized as a monogenic cause of severe Crohn's-like disease.