Molecular analysis of a series of Israeli families with Comèl-Netherton syndrome.

Background: Comel-Netherton syndrome is a rare congenital autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital ichthyosis, hair shaft abnormalities and atopic diathesis. It is caused by mutations in SPINK5, which encodes the serine protease inhibitor LEKTI. Objectives: To delineate the spectrum of mutations carried by a series of Israeli patients in an attempt to establish an effective diagnostic strategy for this disease in Israel. Methods: Mutations were identified by direct sequencing of the entire coding sequence of SPINK5 and confirmed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: Three mutations were identified in seven families, of which two were novel. All mutations were predicted to result in premature termination of protein translation. Conclusions: This report presents the first case series of patients affected with Comel-Netherton syndrome in Israel and suggests that some mutations reoccur in a substantial portion of cases in our country, a fact that should be taken into consideration when designing molecular analysis in new cases. (C) 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel