TGF-beta 1 and granulocyte elastase in the evaluation of activity of inflammatory bowel disease. A pilot study

Introduction: The aim was to assess the usefulness of TGF-beta 1 and elastase in the evaluation of activity of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Material and Methods: 32 patients diagnosed with UC, 31 with CD and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Diagnosis of the disease was confirmed by videocolonoscopy and histopathological evaluation of intestinal biopsies. Disease activity was assessed by use of the Mayo Scoring System for Assessment of Ulcerative Colitis Activity in UC patients and by CDAI in CD patients. hsCRP was determined by the immunonephelometric method, TGF-beta 1 and elastase plasma concentration by ELISA. The results of the study were analyzed using Statistica and R statistical language. Results: In UC a positive correlation between disease activity and platelet level, hsCRP and TGF-beta 1 concentration was noted. Elastase concentration in UC patients was significantly higher than in CD, but there was no correlation with the activity of the disease. In CD patients we observed a positive correlation between disease activity and leukocytes, platelet levels and elastase concentration, and a very low correlation with hsCRP and TGF-beta 1. Discussion: Determination of TGF-beta 1 can be used for evaluation of inflammatory activity in UC and it is connected with elevated concentrations of CRP and platelets. To a lower extent TGF-beta 1 can also be used for evaluation of inflammatory activity in CD. Examination of elastase concentration may be useful in the assessment of CD activity. Plasma elastase concentration may be helpful in UC and CD differentiation. The preliminary results of this investigation seem promising; nevertheless, more studies are necessary.