A Respiratory Correlated Image Guided Surgery Method: Quantitative Accuracy Results In Swine And Human Cadaver Environments

BackgroundIntervention on small targets in the lung is difficult, leading our team to develop a highly accurate respiratory correlated image guided surgery (RCIGS) system.MethodsSimulated point source targets were implanted into ex vivo porcine and human cadaver lungs attached to a ventilator. The RCIGS system was utilized to guide intervention in the presence of respiratory motion using a commercially available electromagnetic tracking solution. After intervention, the lungs were imaged to determine the target registration error between the target and needle.ResultsThe system tumor position modeling had sub-mm accuracy. The mean intervention error for 12 porcine targets was 3.8mm. The mean target registration error on four targets in a human cadaver was 4.0mm at a mean depth of 9cm.ConclusionsThe system provides an accuracy for intervention on targets of less than 1cm in diameter at depths of up to 10cm. A system of this accuracy outperforms current clinical standards. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.