Long term consequences among children exposed to lead poisoning]

Background: In 1996 there was a massive lead poisoning in a southern rural community in Chile. The contamination source was a mill whose grinding stone was repaired with lead and contaminated the flour. Aim: To assess the presence of sequelae ten years later, among subjects that were exposed to lead on that occasion. Material and methods: Cross sectional study of 77 individuals (47 males), aged 10 to 25 years, that were exposed to lead in 1996 and were treated with EDTA. Results: Twenty one percent of subjects bad a subnormal intellingence quotient (IQ). The risk of having a low IQ was significantly higher among those exposed before the age of six years. IQ was significantly lower among subjects that, immediately after the exposure, had a lead level over 48 mu g/dl, compared with those that bad a lead level below 43 mu g/dl (86-7 +/- 7.3 and 93 +/- 11.6 respectively). No subjects with high blood pressure or evidences of nephrotoxicity were detected. Conclusions: Subjects aged less than six years at the moment of lead exposure had a lower IQ when assessed ten years later (Rev Med Chile 2009; 137: 1037-44).