The aetiology and pattern of recurrent pregnancy loss.

The aims of this study were to determine the aetiological factors and the pattern of recurrent pregnancy loss in Kuwait. Ninety consecutive patients attending the special recurrent miscarriage clinic were studied prospectively. A comprehensive history of all previous miscarriages and pregnancies, past medical and gynaecological events were established. A physical examination was performed. Extensive investigations were performed. Pregnancies which occurred during the study were monitored carefully. The mean age of the patients was 30.46+/-6.04 years. The patients were subdivided into the groups of secondary (57%) and primary (43%) recurrent miscarriages. Eighty-five per cent of all previous miscarriages occurred in the first trimester. The main aetiological factors were uterine anomaly 2.2%, chromosome anomaly (parental) 2.2%, PCOS, infections and other miscellaneous factors 21.1%, positive antiphospholipid antibodies 33.3% and unexplained in 35.6%. The overall live birth rate was 82% and maternal morbidity was low. Positive antiphospholipid antibodies are the most frequently associated cause of recurrent pregnancy loss in Kuwait.