Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging-derived kep as a potential biomarker of matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression in patients with glioblastoma multiforme: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE:To look for the association of tissue matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) expression with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and to see whether these can prognosticate patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). METHODS:Forty-seven patients with GBM underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to look for association of its indices with tissue MMP-9 expression using Pearson correlation. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to study the survival pattern for low-, medium-, and high-tissue MMP-9 expression and kep values. RESULTS:Among perfusion indices, kep, k, and ve significantly correlated with MMP-9 expression. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression was found to be best estimated by kep using a quadratic model. The 1-year survival in low-, medium-, and high-tissue MMP-9 and kep groups were 59%, 45%, and 7%, and 59%, 33%, and 15%, respectively. CONCLUSION:The association of kep and MMP-9 expression with survival suggests that kep may be used as imaging biomarker of GBM progression and its prognostication.