Il-6 Mediates 11 Beta Hsd Type 2 To Effect Progression Of The Mycobacterial Cord Factor Trehalose 6,6 '-Dimycolate-Induced Granulomatous Response

Granulomatous structures are highly dynamic during active mycobacterial infection, with accompanying responsive inflammation contributing to modulation of pathology throughout the course of disease. The heightened inflammatory response coinciding with initiation and maintenance of newly developing granulomatous structures must be limited to avoid excessive damage to bystander tissue. Modulating the cellular bioavailability of glucocorticoids by local regulation of 11 beta HSD enzymes within responding tissue and parenchyma would allow controlled inflammatory response during infection. Mycobacterial glycolipid trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate was used to induce strong pulmonary granulomatous inflammation immunopathology. Pulmonary corticosterone was significantly increased at days 3 and 5 after administration. An inverse relationship of 11 beta HSD1 and 11 beta HSD2 message correlated with pathology development. Immunohistochemical analysis also demonstrated that 11 beta HSD2 is expressed in proximity to granulomatous lesions. A role for pro-inflammatory IL-6 cytokine in regulation of converting enzymes to control the granulomatous response was confirmed using gene-disrupted 1L-6-/- mice. A model is proposed linking IL-6 to endocrine-derived factors which allows modification of active corticosterone into inert 11-dehydrocorticosterone at the site of granuloma formation to limit excessive parenchymal damage. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel