3-D Numerical Surface Charge Model Including Relative Permeability: The General Theory

One of the still open issues within low-frequency magnetics is the inclusion of mu r in the calculations using the magnetic charge method. In this paper, a new iterative method to consider the relative permeability is investigated. This new method assumes a position-dependent surface charge distribution. Comparisons between model and finite element method results show that the model accurately accounts for the permeability of a magnet and a soft-magnet block within four iterations.