Electromyographically assessed empathic concern and empathic happiness predict increased prosocial behavior in adults.

•There are at least 2 subtypes of empathy: empathic concern and empathic happiness.•Empathy subtypes have unique psychophysiological signatures.•Facial EMG signs of empathic concern/happiness predict subsequent prosocial behavior.•Increased empathic concern/happiness predicts smiling during prosocial behavior.•Empathy predicts a type of prosocial behavior that is focused towards promoting the happiness of others.