The intercalation of non-graphitic carbonaceous materials

In this paper, issues surrounding the intercalation of carbonaceous materials that are not graphite are discussed. Previous literature suggests that the reaction of intercalating reagents, such as potassium and bromine, with coals and cokes, may be more complex than with graphite. When reagents containing heavy atoms, such as antimony, are used, care is required in interpreting the X-ray diffraction, because interferences arising from carbon structures can be masked. This complexity is illustrated with diffraction data on simple organic liquids.