BTeV - an Experiment to Measure Mixing, CP Violation, and Rare Decays of Beauty and Charm at the Fermilab Collider

We discuss the physics goals and rationale for a detector to study Beauty and Charm decays in the forward direction at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We then describe the BTeV detector which has been designed to achieve these goals and present its physics reach based on extensive simulation. We conclude by comparing BTeV to other experiments designed to explore similar topics.