High numbers of IL-2-producing CD8+ T cells during viral infection: correlation with stable memory development.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY(2002)
摘要
Using infections with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and vesicular stomatitis virus in mice as model systems, we have investigated the ability of antigen-primed CD8(+) T cells generated in the context of viral infections to produce IL-2. Our results indicate that acute immunizing infection normally leads to generation of high numbers of IL-2-producing antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells. By costaining for IL-2 and IFN-gamma intracellularly, we found that IL-2-producing cells predominantly constitute a subset of cells also producing IFN-gamma. Comparison of the kinetics of generation revealed that IL-2-producing cells appear slightly delayed compared with the majority of IFN-gamma producing cells, and the relative frequency of the IL-2-producing subset increases with transition into the memory phase. In contrast to acute immunizing infection, few IL-2-producing cells are generated during chronic LCMV infection. Furthermore, in MHC class II-deficient mice, which only transiently control LCMV infection, IL-2-producing CD8(+) T cells are initially generated, but by 4 weeks after infection this subset has nearly disappeared. Eventually the capacity to produce IFN-gamma also becomes impaired, while cell numbers are maintained at a level similar to those in wild-type mice controlling the infection. Taken together, these findings indicate that phenotyping of T cell populations based on capacity to produce cytokines, and especially IL-2, can provide important information as to the functional status of the analysed cell subset. Specifically, combined analysis of the capacity to produce IL-2 and IFN-gamma can be used as a predictor for loss of function within the CD8(+) T cell compartment.
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