Search for Diffuse Astrophysical Neutrino Flux Using Ultra-High-Energy Upward-Going Muons in Super-Kamiokande I

M. E. C. Swanson, K. Abe,J. Hosaka,T. Iida, K. Ishihara,J. Kameda,Y. Koshio,A. Minamino,C. Mitsuda, M. Miura,S. Moriyama,M. Nakahata,Y. Obayashi,H. Ogawa,M. Shiozawa, Y. Suzuki, A. Takeda,Y. Takeuchi,K. Ueshima,I. Higuchi,C. Ishihara,M. Ishitsuka, T. Kajita, K. Kaneyuki,G. Mitsuka,S. Nakayama,H. Nishino,A. Okada, K. Okumura,C. Saji,Y. Takenaga,S. Clark,S. Desai,F. Dufour,E. Kearns,S. Likhoded,M. Litos,J. L. Raaf,J. L. Stone,L. R. Sulak,W. Wang, M. Goldhaber,D. Casper,J. P. Cravens,J. Dunmore,W. R. Kropp,D. W. Liu,S. Mine,C. Regis,M. B. Smy,H. W. Sobel,M. R. Vagins, K. S. Ganezer,J. E. Hill,W. E. Keig,J. S. Jang,J. Y. Kim,I. T. Lim, K. Scholberg,N. Tanimoto,C. W. Walter,R. Wendell,R. W. Ellsworth, S. Tasaka,G. Guillian, J. G. Learned,S. Matsuno,M. D. Messier,Y. Hayato, A. K. Ichikawa, T. Ishida,T. Iwashita, T. Kobayashi,T. Nakadaira, K. Nakamura,K. Nitta,Y. Oyama,Y. Totsuka, A. T. Suzuki,M. Hasegawa,K. Hiraide,I. Kato,H. Maesaka, T. Nakaya, K. Nishikawa, T. Sasaki,H. Sato, S. Yamamoto,M. Yokoyama,T. J. Haines,S. Dazeley,S. Hatakeyama,R. Svoboda,G. W. Sullivan,D. Turcan,J. Cooley,K. B. M. Mahn,A. Habig, Y. Fukuda,T. Sato,Y. Itow,T. Koike,C. K. Jung,T. Kato, K. Kobayashi,M. Malek,C. McGrew,A. Sarrat,R. Terri,C. Yanagisawa,N. Tamura,M. Sugihara, Y. Kuno, M. Yoshida,S. B. Kim,B. S. Yang,J. Yoo,T. Ishizuka,H. Okazawa, Y. Choi,H. K. Seo,Y. Gando,T. Hasegawa, K. Inoue,H. Ishii, K. Nishijima,H. Ishino, Y. Watanabe, M. Koshiba,D. Kielczewska,J. Zalipska,H. G. Berns,R. Gran,K. K. Shiraishi,A. Stachyra,E. Thrane,K. Washburn,R. J. Wilkes

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL(2006)

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摘要
Many astrophysical models predict a diffuse flux of high-energy neutrinos from active galactic nuclei and other extragalactic sources. At muon energies above 1 TeV, the upward-going muon flux induced by neutrinos from active galactic nuclei is expected to exceed the flux due to atmospheric neutrinos. We have performed a search for this astrophysical neutrino flux by looking for upward-going muons in the highest energy data sample from the Super-Kamiokande detector using 1679.6 live days of data. We found one extremely high energy upward- going muon event, compared with an expected atmospheric neutrino background of 0.46 +/- 0.23 events. Using this result, we set an upper limit on the diffuse flux of upward- going muons due to neutrinos from astrophysical sources in the muon energy range 3.16-100 TeV.
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关键词
galaxies : active,gamma rays : bursts,neutrinos
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