So2-Induced Enhancement Of Inhalative Allergic Sensitization - Inhibition By Antiinflammatory Treatment

Epidemiological studies have shown a relationship between air pollution and allergic airway disease. In a previous study we have found that exposure to SO2 enhances allergic sensitization to inhaled ovalbumin (OA) in the guinea pig. We have now investigated the influence of pre-treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs on SO2-induced enhancement of allergic sensitization in this model. Four groups of 6 guinea pigs each were exposed to 5 PPM SO2 on 5 consecutive days over 8 h per day with intermittent inhalation of OA, while the air-control group was exposed to clean air and OA. During the period of SO2 exposure and sensitization three experimental groups were treated with indomethacin (group I), methylprednisolone (group M) and nebulized nedocromil sodium (group N), while the control group remained untreated. Guinea pigs were investigated for sensitization to OA by specific bronchial provocation tests using body plethysmographic measurement of compressed air (CA) and by measurement of specific antibody response in serum. While in the SO2-exposed control group 5 of 6 animals reacted to specific bronchial provocation testing (CA median 0.15 ml, range 0-0.175 ml), only 1 animal was sensitized in group M (CA 0 ml, 0-0.125, p < 0.05), whereas no bronchial reactions were seen in groups I and N (CA 0 ml, 0-0.05, p < 0.025). Specific IgG antibody titres increased in the control group (median 43 EU --> 85 EU), but not in the treatment groups (medians group I 35 EU --> 35 EU, group M 30 --> 35 EU, group N 64 --> 50 EU). We conclude that anti-inflammatory treatment with methylprednisolone, indomethacin or nebulized nedocromil sodium during the period of SO2 exposure inhibits SO2-induced enhancement of inhalative allergic sensitization in our guinea pig model.