DNA probes in the diagnosis of genetic and infectious diseases

DNA hybridization is firmly established as an essential tool in modern molecular biology. During the past decade an increasing number of investigators have applied this technique to the detection and identification of a variety of infectious agents. In the recent past it has become clear that DNA hybridization, when coupled to restriction enzyme analysis, is an essential tool in the diagnosis of a constantly growing number of genetic diseases. A review of the scientific literature suggests that at the present time there are more than 50 DNA probes suitable for diagnostic purposes. The limiting factor in their full implementation as diagnostic tests is the development of a supporting ‘system’, including suitable procedures for sample preparation and a high specific activity, non-radioactive DNA tagging procedure.