Dynamic recrystallization-induced flow phenomena in tungsten–tantalum (4%) [001] single-crystal rod ballistic penetrators

Deformation-flow microstructures associated with [001] W–4% Ta penetrator fragments in a rolled homogeneous steel armor target exhibit dynamic recrystallization. The equiaxed, recrystallized grain structure observed in the deformed penetrator is also associated with soft zones in corresponding microhardness maps. Microstructure evolution is also examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected-area electron diffraction (SAED).