ARDS and the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

The multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is a common, but poorly understood, complication of critical illness. Although the cellular mechanisms remain elusive, processes such as inflammation thrombosis, apoptosis, and tissue repair contribute to its clinical expression. In the lung, the syndrome is seen as acquired respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); similar processes in other organs are responsible for the systemic syndrome. Therapy, in the absence of a better understanding of pathologic mechanism, is supportive; however, iatrogenic factors contribute to its evolution and highlight the need for clinicians to be aware of the potential for harm inherent in every intensive care unit intervention.