Comportamento cardiorrespiratório em crianças saudáveis durante o exercício progressivo máximo

Background: Little is known about cardiorespiratory and metabolic response in healthy children during progressive maximal exercise test. Objective: To test the hypothesis that children show different responses in cardiorespiratory and metabolic parameters during progressive maximal exercise test when compared with adults. Methods: Twenty-five healthy children (gender, 15M/10F; age, 10.2 +/- 0.2) and 20 healthy adults (gender, 11M/9F; age, 27.5 +/- 0.4) underwent a progressive treadmill cardiopulmonary test until exhaustion to determine the maximal aerobic capacity and ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT). Results: The peak workload (5.9 +/- 0.1 vs 5.6 +/- 0.1 mph, respectively; p>0.05), exercise time (9.8 +/- 0.4 vs 10.2 +/- 0.4 min, respectively; p>0.05), and relative aerobic fitness (VO(2)peak, 39.4 +/- 2.1 vs 39.1 +/- 2.0 ml.kg(-1).min(-1), respectively; p>0.05) were similar in children and adults. At ventilatory anaerobic threshold, the heart rate, VO2 ml.kg(-1).min(-1), respiratory rate (RR), functional estimate of dead space (VD/VT), ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (VE/VO2) and end-tidal pressure for oxygen (PETO2) were higher in children, while tidal volume (VT), O(2)pulse and end-tidal pressure for carbon dioxide (PETCO2) were lower. At peak of exercise, children showed higher RR and VID/VT. However, O(2)pulse, VT, pulmonary ventilation, PETCO2 and respiratory exchange ratio were lower in children than adults. Conclusion: Cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses during progressive exercise test are different in children as compared to adults. Specifically, these differences suggest that children have lower cardiovascular and ventilatory efficiency However, children showed higher metabolic efficiency during exercise. In summary, despite the differences observed, children showed similar levels of exercising capacity when compared with adults. (Arq Bras Cardiol 2010;94(4): 464-470)