A 0.5% Precision On-Chip Frequency Reference With Programmable Switch Array for Crystal-Less Applications
Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, IEEE Transactions（2013）
摘要
An on-chip frequency reference is designed for low-power, low-cost, and fully integrated system-on-chip designs. In this relaxation oscillator, pseudodifferential architecture is used to eliminate frequency variation caused by bias current, and interleaving capacitors are implemented to extend its discharge time. A low-leakage programmable switch array (PSA) trimming method is proposed to calibrate the first- and second-order temperature coefficients (TCs) of the composite resistor. The oscillator was fabricated in a 0.35-μm 2P4M CMOS process with an area of 0.162 mm2. The oscillator operates at 130 kHz, and measurement results show that it achieves a frequency variation of less than ±0.5% over a temperature range of -20 °C-100°C and less than ±0.4% over a supply voltage range of 1-3 V.
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关键词
CMOS digital integrated circuits,capacitors,oscillators,resistors,switches,system-on-chip,CMOS process,PSA,bias current,composite resistor,crystal-less application,first-order temperature coefficient,frequency 130 kHz,frequency variation elimination,interleaving capacitor,low-leakage programmable switch array trimming method,on-chip frequency reference,oscillator,programmable switch array,pseudodifferential architecture,second-order TC,size 0.35 mum,system-on-chip design,temperature -20 degC to 100 degC,voltage 1 V to 3 V,Crystal-less clock,frequency reference,low-power radio,relaxation oscillator,temperature compensation,wireless sensor networks
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