Tumor detection and serosal invasion of bladder cancer: role of three-dimensional volumetric reconstructed US

Background Accurate evaluation of local extent in bladder cancer is important to determine the optimal therapeutic strategy and to predict the outcome of treatment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of 3D volumetric reconstructed US in the assessment of tumor detection and serosal invasion in patients with bladder cancer. Methods A total of 14 patients with findings of bladder cancer determined with the use of cystoscopy was examined with the use of bladder two-dimensional (2D) US and subsequent 3D US. US findings were compared with cystoscopy findings and the pathological stage after a TURB or a radical cystectomy in a double-blinded manner. Results The sensitivity of preoperative tumor staging was 67.9% for 2D US and sensitivity was 78.6% for 3D US. 3D US was superior sensitivity than 2D US ( P < 0.05). The accuracy for serosal invasion in staging of bladder cancer was demonstrated for 88.9% in 2D US and for 100% in 3D US. Conclusions The accuracy for serosal invasion (T3b) in the staging of bladder cancer was demonstrated for 88.9% in 2D US and for 100% in 3D US. 3D volumetric reconstructed US is a non-invasive and accurate technique for tumor detection of bladder cancer.